[{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/www.vsmix.cz\/problem-starnuti-populace-ceske-republiky\/#Article","mainEntityOfPage":"https:\/\/www.vsmix.cz\/problem-starnuti-populace-ceske-republiky\/","headline":"Probl\u00e9m st\u00e1rnut\u00ed populace \u010cesk\u00e9 republiky.","name":"Probl\u00e9m st\u00e1rnut\u00ed populace \u010cesk\u00e9 republiky.","description":"\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0Rychl\u00e9 p\u0159evratn\u00e9 zm\u011bny po sametov\u00e9 revoluci urychlily st\u00e1rnut\u00ed obyvatelstva zp\u016fsoben\u00e9 poklesem po\u010dtu a pod\u00edlu d\u011bt\u00ed. Lidem se otev\u0159ely nov\u00e9 […]","datePublished":"2021-11-30","dateModified":"2023-08-18","author":{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/www.vsmix.cz\/author\/#Person","name":"","url":"https:\/\/www.vsmix.cz\/author\/","identifier":1,"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/6808215d501bdbb001ef3734be3cdad1be23596de78c590ed2ac5868fce74c95?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/6808215d501bdbb001ef3734be3cdad1be23596de78c590ed2ac5868fce74c95?s=96&d=mm&r=g","height":96,"width":96}},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"vsmix.cz","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"\/logo.png","url":"\/logo.png","width":600,"height":60}},"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/www.vsmix.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/japan-g2264e2b98_1920.jpg","url":"https:\/\/www.vsmix.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/japan-g2264e2b98_1920.jpg","height":0,"width":0},"url":"https:\/\/www.vsmix.cz\/problem-starnuti-populace-ceske-republiky\/","about":["Spole\u010dnost"],"wordCount":571,"articleBody":"\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0Rychl\u00e9 p\u0159evratn\u00e9 zm\u011bny po sametov\u00e9 revoluci urychlily st\u00e1rnut\u00ed obyvatelstva zp\u016fsoben\u00e9 poklesem po\u010dtu a pod\u00edlu d\u011bt\u00ed. Lidem se otev\u0159ely nov\u00e9 \u017eivotn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitosti a sou\u010dasn\u011b za\u010dala r\u016fst finan\u010dn\u00ed n\u00e1ro\u010dnost v\u00fdchovy d\u011bt\u00ed. To n\u00e1s p\u0159ibl\u00ed\u017eilo k\u00a0trendu, kter\u00fd v\u00a0tu dobu ji\u017e byl b\u011b\u017en\u00fd v\u00a0z\u00e1padoevropsk\u00fdch zem\u00edch a to ke st\u00e1rnut\u00ed populace. Ve v\u011bkov\u00e9m slo\u017een\u00ed populace se po\u010d\u00edt\u00e1 se t\u0159emi z\u00e1kladn\u00edmi kategoriemi. Jedn\u00e1 se o v\u011bkovou kategorii d\u011bt\u00ed od 0 do 14ti let, pak o ekonomicky aktivn\u00ed populaci od 15ti do 65ti let a posledn\u00ed je kategorie senior\u016f od 65ti let a v\u00fd\u0161e. Tu lze pak doplnit o podkategorii lid\u00ed star\u0161\u00edch 60ti let. Tato skupina prozat\u00edm stagnuje na \u00farovni kolem 18% s\u00a0demografick\u00fdm v\u00fdhledem procentn\u00edho r\u016fstu t\u00e9to kategorie. Jednak do tohoto v\u011bku pomalu budou p\u0159ich\u00e1zet siln\u00e9 ro\u010dn\u00edky sedmdes\u00e1t\u00fdch let minul\u00e9ho stolet\u00ed a pak v\u00fdrazn\u011b ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed sou\u010dasn\u00e1 porodnost, ne\u017e byla v\u00a0komunistick\u00e9m \u010ceskoslovensku. \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed porodnost v\u00a0totalitn\u00edm \u010ceskoslovensku se n\u011bkdy p\u0159isuzuje prorodinn\u00e9 politice tehdej\u0161\u00edho re\u017eimu, kter\u00e1 rodinu podporovala. Tento n\u00e1zor vyvrac\u00ed n\u011bkolik skute\u010dnost\u00ed, kter\u00e9 ukazuj\u00ed, \u017ee tato ot\u00e1zka je mnohem slo\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed. Pravdou je, \u017ee re\u017eim nab\u00edzel na svou dobu pom\u011brn\u011b \u0161t\u011bdr\u00e9 p\u0159\u00eddavky na d\u011bti, zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed mate\u0159sk\u00fdch \u0161kolek a v\u00fdhodn\u00e9 novoman\u017eelsk\u00e9 p\u016fj\u010dky, ale z\u00edsk\u00e1n\u00ed bydlen\u00ed pro novoman\u017eele nebylo \u010dasto jednoduch\u00e9. Pro ne\u010dleny komunistick\u00e9 organizace, nebo pro lidi, kte\u0159\u00ed byli pro re\u017eim nepohodln\u00ed, to bylo velmi slo\u017eit\u00e9. Tak\u017ee i tato komunistick\u00e1 podpora rodin m\u011bla sv\u00e9 limity. V\u00a0z\u00e1padoevropsk\u00fdch zem\u00edch, kter\u00e9 ekonomicky prosperovaly a spole\u010dnost byla podstatn\u011b bohat\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e v\u00a0ekonomicky stagnuj\u00edc\u00edm \u010ceskoslovensku, doch\u00e1zelo ke st\u00e1rnut\u00ed populace ji\u017e v\u00a0pr\u016fb\u011bhu druh\u00e9 poloviny dvac\u00e1t\u00e9ho stolet\u00ed, kdy u n\u00e1s \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 tyto jevy nebyly, ale naopak se hovo\u0159\u00ed o babyboomu. Po sv\u011bt\u011b lze sledovat, \u017ee v\u00a0chud\u0161\u00edch a rozvojov\u00fdch zem\u00ed b\u00fdv\u00e1 obvykle v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed porodnost ne\u017e v\u00a0bohat\u0161\u00edch rozvinut\u00fdch zem\u00edch. \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 T\u011bch p\u0159\u00ed\u010din je n\u011bkolik. Vedle soci\u00e1ln\u00edch aspekt\u016f, jako jsou rozd\u00edly v\u00a0\u00faloze rodiny v\u00a0rozvojov\u00fdch a v\u00a0rozvinut\u00fdch zem\u00edch. V chud\u0161\u00edch oblastech sv\u011bta pln\u00ed \u0161ir\u0161\u00ed rodina sv\u00fdm \u010dlen\u016fm slu\u017eby, kter\u00e9 v\u00a0rozvinut\u00fdch zem\u00edch za rodinu p\u0159eb\u00edr\u00e1 st\u00e1t a lid\u00e9 si je plat\u00ed formou dan\u00ed. Jedn\u00e1 se o zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed senior\u016f a jejich do\u017eit\u00ed, podpora zdravotn\u00edch a soci\u00e1ln\u00edch slu\u017eeb v\u010detn\u011b d\u016fchod\u016f. To jsou v\u0161echno v\u00fddobytky b\u011b\u017en\u00e9 v\u00a0rozvinut\u00fdch zem\u00edch, ale v\u00a0chud\u0161\u00edch \u010d\u00e1stech sv\u011bta jsou bu\u010f ve v\u00fdrazn\u011b ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed m\u00ed\u0159e, nebo neexistuj\u00ed v\u016fbec. Proto zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed na st\u00e1\u0159\u00ed souvis\u00ed s\u00a0po\u010dtem d\u011bt\u00ed, kter\u00e9 se pak d\u011bl\u00ed o p\u00e9\u010di o sv\u00e9 rodi\u010de ve st\u00e1\u0159\u00ed. K\u00a0tomu je t\u0159eba vz\u00edt v\u00a0patrnost vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed \u00famrtnost d\u011bt\u00ed v\u00a0chud\u0161\u00edch zem\u00edch a sou\u010dasn\u011b ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed finan\u010dn\u00ed n\u00e1ro\u010dnost na v\u00fdchovu d\u00edt\u011bte, ne\u017e jak\u00e1 je v\u00a0rozvinut\u00fdch zem\u00edch.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 "},{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BreadcrumbList","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Probl\u00e9m st\u00e1rnut\u00ed populace \u010cesk\u00e9 republiky.","item":"https:\/\/www.vsmix.cz\/problem-starnuti-populace-ceske-republiky\/#breadcrumbitem"}]}]